Lone Tree

Lone Tree

I have often been told that you should never discuss religion or politics in public, because it might start a fight.

I believe the reason those two subjects start fights so easily is because they are so important. Your own personal religious beliefs and political ideologies determine a great deal of who you are. Even if you have no particular belief, that determines much of your approach to life. Furthermore, the prevailing religious and political ideas of the country you live in and of the world as a whole are fundamental to determining the conditions of the country and the world as a whole.

I conclude that people with any real interest in the world or its future have to discuss religion and politics. Even if it starts a fight.

Monday, December 03, 2007

Creationism vs. Evolution

First we need to understand exactly what is meant by some important terms. Because different people use them different ways, I’m going to give the definitions, as I understand them to be commonly used, and then address the problems with each as I define it.

People who believe the world was created in six 24-hour days about 6000 years ago normally use the term “creationism.” Creationists insist their way of interpreting the Bible is a strict literal interpretation.

“Intelligent design (ID)” is a scientific argument that the structures seen in the world are too complex to have been created by chance. Basically intelligent design supporters say that a very complex thing such as a bird’s wing or an eye requires too many separate pieces to have evolved by chance and therefore indicate a designer. Unfortunately intelligent design has been used as a “scientific” explanation of how God created the world in six days. That idea is not actually part of intelligent design but the use of it in such a way has discredited ID.

The term “evolution” refers to the idea that the universe and all life is the result of random chance operating continuously over some 15 billion years with the earth existing for the last 4 billion years.
The Problems:

The concept defined above as “creationism” is not actually in the Bible. The idea that the universe was created 6000 years ago was a calculation made by a German monk in the 1400’s.

For anyone who actually knows two languages, it quickly becomes obvious that a strict literal translation from one language to another is literally impossible. Ancient Hebrew has very few words compared to English and no vowels. Many words in Hebrew have multiple meanings. Translators do their best to translate these words given the context and their understanding of the Bible. However, sometimes translators miss the mark that may have been intended in the original text. In the case of Genesis, science has actually shed light on some words, in my opinion. Examples, the Hebrew word “evening” and the word for “disorder” are the same. The Hebrew word for “morning” and the word for “order” are the same. In addition the word for “day” and the word for “era” are the same. So the phrase normally translated as, “...evening and morning, the first day” could also be translated “...disorder to order, the first era.” So which translation is correct?

First we can look to history. The Pharisees were an extremely legalistic group who knew the Old Testament intimately in the original Hebrew. In spite of all their calculations and interpretations, they never came up with an age for the world. That alone is a good indication that the calculations of a German Monk 1400 years later are not Gospel and should not be blindly accepted. In addition, it must be recognized that the Word of God as revealed in the Bible and the Word of God as revealed in nature are both true. And they should agree. If the Word of God and the evidence in nature don’t seem to agree then understanding of one of them is in error. The error could be in either one’s understanding of the Bible (some Christians cannot conceive that their own understanding of the Bible might be in error) or in one’s understanding of nature (some scientists cannot conceive that their understanding of nature might be in error). So let’s examine some evidence from nature.

The Grand Canyon is extremely difficult to explain in terms of 6000 years. But even more difficult are the series of islands culminating in the Hawaiian Islands. This group of islands and seamounts extends for several hundred miles to the northwest from Hawaii. They are rather clearly the result of a series of volcanoes forming each in turn as they have passed over a hot spot in the Earth’s crust. Even now a new island is forming but will not break the surface of the sea for perhaps another 1000 years. There is simply no way to explain these islands in terms of 6000 years of creation. Some would argue that the explanation is simply “God made it that way.” If God “made it that way,” then God would be presenting false evidence in nature. This assertion “God made it that way” denies the validity of the evidence found in nature and by extension (without intention of doing so) implies God is a liar. This is not biblically acceptable. A foundational principle of Christianity is God cannot lie.

In conclusion, I cannot accept creationism, as defined above, because I do not believe it is correct either scientifically or biblically.

Intelligent Design is an entirely different thing. There are numerous evidences of intelligent design. One good book on this topic is The Science of God, by Gerald Schroeder. Another is Darwin’s Black Box, by Michael Behe.

Essentially, intelligent design says complex things are useless (perhaps even fatal to the organism) in a partial, half completed form. Therefore nothing living could have been formed by a series of small incremental improvements. Darwin himself admitted that if such irreducible complexities existed his theory of evolution would break down. The flagellum, which is useless without any of its 30 plus complex proteins, is an example. Another is the cascade of events allowing blood to clot. Numerous cellular events defy all efforts to explain how they could have evolved without guidance. Other examples can be discovered in the above mentioned books.

The response from evolutionists has been to insist that even though they have no explanation, they have faith that there must be one. Serious science is based on actual evidence. An accurate, elegant scientific theory is the one that best explains what we know, not what we have faith we will someday figure out. If the proponents of intelligent design would stop with simply saying that the best explanation for the things we know is that there must have been some source of intelligent design, the theory is virtually unassailable. The problem comes when people try to add more into the theory then they actually have evidence to support.

Classical Darwinian evolution is scientifically dead. Darwin theorized a continuing series of tiny changes that over vast periods of time produced all the variety of life. At that time archeological development of the fossil record was in its infancy. There simply was no evidence one way or the other.  

Over the last 150 years enormous amounts of research has been done on innumerable fossil strata throughout the world. In all of this research no definite transitional forms have been found much less a continuous series of transitional forms. Species spring into the fossil record fully formed and continue essentially unchanged until they eventually disappear. If classical Darwinian evolution had any validity at all, transitional forms should dominate not only the fossil record but also the living animals that surround us. In actual fact, the fossil evidence shows little change except for the dramatic sudden appearance of numerous new forms at certain key points that are defined as new ages in paleontology. These species appear fully formed and in much too short a period of time to be explained by traditional evolutionary theory.  

Francis Crick wrote: “Given the weaknesses of all theories of terrestrial genesis (the origin of life on earth), directed panspermia (the deliberate planting of life on earth) should still be considered a serious possibility,” page 86, The Science of God.

Francis Crick was a committed atheist who realized that evolution simply could not explain the evidence discovered in the fossil record. He sought to explain it by attributing the sudden appearance of life to space aliens. Other scientists have come up with concepts like “guided evolution” or “punctuated evolution” (with no idea of what caused the punctuation) to explain the sudden appearance of life forms in the fossil record. These ideas have possibilities, but the classic Darwinian theory is now no more then a pseudo-scientific religion based on faith in spite of evidence.

The conflict between creationism and evolution is often presented as a choice in which you must agree either with me, or you must agree with my opponent. This is what is called a false dichotomy. Both sides try to justify their own position by pointing out the errors in the other side’s position. I believe both sides are fundamentally wrong and cannot be defended on their own terms.

Monday, April 09, 2007

Islam vs. Christianity: A Comparison Study


At left, the name of Allah in Arabic

If the Koran and the Bible are both the Word of God, then the two books should agree about everything of significance.





I. Who is God?

  • A. Allah is singular.
    • 1. “Sura” or “chapter” 112 from the Koran: “Say, God is one God; the eternal God: he begetteth not, neither is he begotten: and there is not any one like him.”
  • B. Elohim is plural.
    • 1. Genesis 1:1: “In the beginning God...” God is translated from the Name “Elohim” a latent plural Name composed of the following parts: “El” = Strength + “ohim” indicating a minimum of Three Persons in One and meaning “Faithfulness, to Bind Oneself with an Oath.”
      • a. Elah or Allah, is the singular form of “Elohim.”
  • C. Elohim has a Son.
    • 1. Psalm 2:1-9: “Why do the nations rage and the people plot in vain? The kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers gather together against the LORD and against His Anointed One. “Let us break their chains,” they say, “and throw off their fetters.” The One enthroned in Heaven laughs; the LORD scoffs at them. Then He rebukes them in His anger and terrifies them in His wrath, saying, “I have installed my King on Zion, my Holy Hill.” I will proclaim the decree of the LORD: He said to Me, “You are my Son (or today I have begotten You); today I have become Your Father. Ask of Me what you, and I will make the nations your inheritance, the ends of the earth your possession. You will rule them with an iron scepter; You will dash them to pieces like pottery.” See Revelation 12:5; 19:15
    • 2. Matthew 3:13-17: “Then Jesus came from Galilee to the Jordan to be baptized by John. But John tried to deter Him, saying, “I need to be baptized by You, and do You come to me?” Jesus replied, “Let it be so now; it is proper for us to do this to fulfill all righteousness.” As soon as Jesus was baptized, He went up out of the water. At that moment Heaven was opened, and He saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and lighting on Him. And a voice from Heaven said, “This is My Son, Whom I love; with Him I am well pleased.”
      • a. Jesus is begotten of God, He is His Son, His Anointed One and King.
      • b. See also: John 1; Hebrews 1; Colossians 1:15-20; I John 1:1-3; 4:9 & 10.
    • 3. Believers become the children of God through faith in Jesus, (the Greek form of the Hebrew name Yeshua or, as translated into English, Joshua which means “God will Save”) The English Name, “Messiah,” is “Christ” in Greek and means “The Anointed One.”
      • a. Believers have the privilege to call Elohim “Father,” or “Daddy,” see Romans 8:15, “...you received the spirit of sonship. And by Him we cry, “Abba, Father.” The Spirit testifies with our spirit that we are Elohim’s children.”
      • b. See also: Psalm 68:5.
  • D. Allah has no sons; he is not a father.
    • 1. Mary, sura 19:35, "It beseems not Allah that He should take to Himself a ! son, glory to be Him; when He has decreed a matter He only says to it "Be," and it is."
    • 2. The Cattle, sura 6:101, "Wonderful Originator of the heavens and the earth! How could He have a son when He has no consort, and He (Himself) created everything, and He is the Knower of all things."
    • 3. The Children of Israel, sura 17:111, "And say: (All) praise is due to Allah, Who has not taken a son and Who has not a partner in the kingdom, and Who has not a helper to save Him from disgrace; and proclaim His greatness magnifying (Him)."
    • 4. The Believers, sura 23:91, "Never did Allah take to Himself a son, and never was there with him any (other) god-- in that case would each god have certainly taken away what he created, and some of them would certainly have overpowered others; glory be to Allah above what they describe!"
II. How do Elohim & Allah deal with sin?
  • A. Elohim is perfect and His standards are perfect, see II Samuel 22:31; Psalm 18:30; 19:7; Leviticus 19:2. He loves the sinner and sent His Son to pay for sin
    • 1. Adam had one law and he broke it, see Genesis 2
      • a. Elohim is perfect and everyone who desires to gain favor with Him through works or deeds must also be perfect.
      • b. Nobody can do this
    • 2. Galatians 3:10-12; 21-22: “All who rely on observing the law are under a curse, for it is written “Cursed is everyone who does not continue to do everything written in the Book of the Law” (Deuteronomy 27:26). Clearly no one is justified before God by the law, because, “The righteous will live by faith, “ (Habakkuk 2:4). The law is not based on faith; on the contrary, “The man who does these things will live by them,” (Leviticus 18:5). Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us, for it is written: “Cursed is everyone who is hung on a tree,” (Deuteronomy 21:23)...For if a law had been given that could impart life, then righteousness would certainly have come by the law. But the scripture declares that the whole world is a prisoner of sin, so that what was promised, being given through faith in Jesus Christ, might be given to those who believe.”
    • 3. Elohim sent His Son not only to reveal His Personality and His will to humanity, but to demonstrate His immense Love by taking upon Himself the death penalty rightly laid upon every human head.
      • a. Romans 5:8: “God (Elohim) demonstrates His Love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us.”
      • b. I John 3:4 & 5: “Everyone who sins breaks the law; in fact, sin is lawlessness. But you know that He appeared so that He might take away our sins. And in Him is no sin.”
      • c. See also Matthew 5:48; 20:28; 26:28; Luke 22:37; John 3:16; 10:9-11; II Corinthians 5:21; Romans 3:23; I Thessalonians 5:9 & 10
    • 4. Jesus taught Elohim loves prodigals and earnestly seeks their return to righteousness, see Luke 15:11-24
    • 5. Elohim does not take pleasure in the death of sinners, see Ezekiel 18:23, and does not desire that any should perish but that all should have everlasting life, see II Peter3:9
  • B. Allah does not love sinners.
    • 1. Allah does not have a standard of perfection, but a person’s good deeds must outweigh his bad deeds.
      • a. See: The Elevated Places, sura 7: 8 & 9: “And the measuring out on that day will be just; then as for him whose measure (of good deeds) is heavy, those are they who shall be successful; And as for him whose measure (of good deeds) is light those are they who have made their souls suffer loss because they disbelieved in Our communications.” Also, The Prophets, sura 21:47: “And We will set up a just balance on the day of resurrection, so no soul shall be dealt with unjustly in the least; and though there be the weight of a grain of mustard seed, (yet) will We bring it, and sufficient are We to take account.”
    • 2. The Elevated Places, sura 7:31: “O children of Adam! attend to your embellishments at every time of prayer, and eat and drink and be not extravagant; surely He does not love the extravagant.”
    • 3. The Women, sura 4:107: “And do not plead on behalf of those who act unfaithfully to their souls; surely Allah does not love him who is treacherous, sinful.”
    • 4. The Dinner Table, sura 5:49: “And that you should judge between them by what Allah has revealed, and do not follow their low desires, and be cautious of them, lest they seduce you from part of what Allah has revealed to you; but if they turn back, then know that Allah desires to afflict them on account of some of their faults; and most surely many of the people are transgressors.”
    • 5. The Women, sura 4:168 & 169: “Surely (as for) those who disbelieve and act unjustly Allah will not forgive them nor guide them to a path except the path of hell, to abide in it for ever, and this is easy to Allah.”
    • 6. The Immunity, sura 9:2: “So go about in the land for four months and know that you cannot weaken Allah and that Allah will bring disgrace to the unbelievers.”
III. What do Elohim & Allah value? How do Elohim & Allah obtain followers?
  • A. Elohim values love above all else. I Corinthians 13:13: “And now these three remain faith, hope and love. But the greatest of these is love.”
    • 1. “In everything, do to others what you would have them do to you, for this sums up the Law and the Prophets,” Matthew 7:12
    • 2. “You have heard that it was said, “Love your neighbor and hate your enemy.” But I tell you: Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, that you may be sons of your Father in Heaven. He causes His sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous. If you love those who love you, what reward will you get? Are not even the tax collectors doing that? And if you greet only your brothers, what are you doing more than others? Do not even the pagans do that? Be perfect, therefore, as your Heavenly Father is perfect,” Matthew 5:43-48
  • B. Allah does not teach love.
    • 1. “Prophet make war on the unbelievers and the hypocrites and deal rigorously with them. Hell shall be their home,” The Immunity, sura 9:73
      • a. “The true believers fight for the cause of Allah, but the infidels fight for the devil. Fight then against the friends of satan,” The Women, sura 4:76
      • b. “Those who stayed at home were glad that they were left behind by Allah’s apostle (Muhammad), for they had no wish to fight for the cause of Allah with their wealth and with their persons. They said to each other: “Do not go to war, the heat is fierce.” Say to them, “More fierce is the heat of hell-fire!” Would that they understood.” The Immunity, sura 9 81.
      • c. “So when you meet in battle those who disbelieve, then smite the necks until when you have overcome them, then make (them) prisoners, and afterwards either set them free as a favor or let them ransom (themselves) until the war terminates. That (shall be so); and if Allah had pleased He would certainly have exacted what is due from them, but that He may try some of you by means of others; and (as for) those who are slain in the way of Allah, He will by no means allow their deeds to perish,” Muhammad, sura 47:4
      • d. “And fight in the way of Allah with those who fight with you, and do not exceed the limits, surely Allah does not love those who exceed the limits. And kill them wherever you find them, and drive them out from whence they drove you out, and persecution is severer than slaughter, and do not fight with them at the Sacred Mosque until they fight with you in it, but if they do fight you, then slay them; such is the recompense of the unbelievers,” The Cow, sura 2:190 & 191
      • e. “Muhammad is the Apostle of Allah, and those with him are firm of heart against the unbelievers, compassionate among themselves; you will see them bowing down, prostrating themselves, seeking grace from Allah and pleasure; their marks are in their faces because of the effect of prostration; that is their description in the Taurat and their description in the Injeel; like as seed-produce that puts forth its sprout, then strengthens it, so it becomes stout and stands firmly on its stem, delighting the sowers that He may enrage the unbelievers on account of them; Allah has promised those among them who believe and do good, forgiveness and a great reward,” The Victory, sura 48:29
  • C. Jesus ended the Old Covenant where God commanded believers to make war on idolaters when their sin was full blown and at His command, but no such mitigating circumstances exist in the Koran—no such redemption is available.
    • 1. “Therefore there is no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus, because through Christ Jesus the law of the Spirit of Life set me free from the law of sin and death,” Romans 8:1
  • D. Christians convert by love, Muslims convert at the point of the sword
    • 1. “If you hold to my teaching, you are really my disciples,” John 8:31.
    • 2. “A new command I give you: Love one another. As I have loved you, so you must love one another. All men will know that you are my disciples if you love one another,” John 13:34
    • 3. “All authority in Heaven and on earth has been given to Me. Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the Name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I will be with you always, to the very end of the age,” Matthew 28:18-20.
    • 4. “The disciples were first called Christians at Antioch,” Acts 11:26. The name “Christian” means “little Christ.” These men did the works Jesus did—healing the sick, casting out demons—and loved as Jesus loved to the point where the people began to call them “the little Christs.”
    • 5. “You have heard it said, ‘Eye for an eye, and tooth for tooth,’ (Leviticus 24:20). But I tell you, Do not resist an evil person. If someone strikes you on the right cheek, turn to him the other also. And if someone wants to sue you and take your tunic, let him have your cloak as well. If someone forces you to go one mile, go with him two miles. Give to the one who asks you, and do not turn away from the one who wants to borrow from you,” Matthew 5:38-42.
    • 6. “So when the sacred months have passed away, then slay the idolaters wherever you find them, and take them captives and besiege them and lie in wait for them in every ambush, then if they repent and keep up prayer and pay the poor-rate, leave their way free to them; surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful,” The Immunity, sura 9:5
    • 7. “Allah does not forbid you to be kind and equitable to those who have neither made war on your religion nor driven you from your homes. But he forbids you to make friends with those who have fought against you on account of your religion and driven you from your homes or abetted others so to do. Those that make friends with them are wrongdoers,” The Examined One, sura 60:9
IV. What do Elohim & Allah say about women and marriage?
  • A. “So God (Elohim) created man in His Own Image, in the Image of God He created him; male and female He created them,” Genesis 1:27
    • 1. the term “man” contains both male and female and the term “him” is used as a generic pronoun qualified by “male and female He created them.”
    • 2. “It is not good for the man to be alone. I will make a helper suitable for him,” Genesis 2:18.
      • a. the Amplified Bible adds these descriptors to the noun “helper:” suitable, adaptable, completing.” God does not see His creation as good or the man complete until woman is on the scene.
    • 3. Therefore, Elohim values men and women equally highly. The woman is to complete the man and the man is to complete the woman. Men and women have different temperaments and gifts and complement one another, and the two together, in marriage, compose the “Image of God.”
    • 4. After Adam and Eve sinned, Elohim cursed the woman saying, “Your desire will be for your husband, and he will rule over you,” Genesis 3:16
      • a. Paul says, “I Corinthians 11:3: “Now I want you to realize that the head of every man is Christ, and the head of the woman is man, and the head of Christ is God.”
      • b. Ephesians 1:22: “And God (Elohim) placed all things under His feet and appointed Him to be Head over everything for the church, which is His body, the fullness of Him who fill everything in every way.”
      • c. Ephesians 5:22-33 (excerpts included here): “Wives, submit to your husbands as to the Lord. For the husband is head of the wife as Christ is Head of the Church, His body, of which He is the Savior...Husbands love your wives as Christ loved the church and gave Himself up for her...In this same way, husband ought to love their wives as their own bodies...”
      • d. Paul is speaking of a headship of servanthood, to serve his wife and give himself up for her as Jesus died and does everything for us—this is the kind of headship Elohim is speaking of
  • B. Allah has took the first woman from the first man: “O people! be careful of (your duty to) your Lord, Who created you from a single being and created its mate of the same (kind) and spread from these two, many men and women; and be careful of (your duty to) Allah, by Whom you demand one of another (your rights), and (to) the ties of relationship; surely Allah ever watches over you,” The Women, sura 4:1.
    • 1. “Men are in charge of women, because Allah hath made the one of them to excel the other...,” The Women, sura 4:34
    • 2. “...the men are a degree above them, and Allah is Mighty, Wise,” The Cow, sura 2:228
    • 3. “(if) he is not able to dictate himself, let his guardian dictate with fairness; and call in to witness from among your men two witnesses; but if there are not two men, then one man and two women from among those whom you choose to be witnesses, so that if one of the two errs, the second of the two may remind the other,” The Cow, sura 2:282. Allah does not value women equally, it takes two women to equal one man.
    • 4. “As for those (women) from whom ye fear rebellion, admonish them and banish them to beds apart, and scourge them,” The Dinner Table, sura 4:34. Allah encourages men to not sleep with their wives and to beat them if they fear “rebellion.”
  • C. Elohim commanded, “Do not commit adultery,” but Jesus upped the ante. “You have heard it said, ‘Do not commit adultery.’ But I tell you that anyone who looks at a woman lustfully has already committed adultery with her in his heart,” Matthew 5:27 & 28.
    • 1. Jesus places a high value on the internal man—his thoughts, desires, attitudes—should be pure and guided by love at all times. Rather than according to the trend of His day and definitely contrary to Islam which demands women cover themselves because their bodies cause men to sin, Jesus places the responsibility on the man. (The Koran: “...tell the believing women to lower their gaze and be modest, and to display of their adornment only that which is apparent, and to draw their veils over their bosoms, and not to reveal their adornment save to their own husbands...,” The Light, sura 24:31)
    • 2. Ephesians 5:31: “For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh.” Paul quotes Genesis 2:23 & 24
    • 3. I Timothy 3:2, in speaking of the qualifications for deacon Paul says, “Now the overseer must be above reproach, the husband of but one wife...”
    • 4. Elohim’s ideal is for a man to have one wife, see Proverbs 5:18 encourages a man to enjoy the wife of his youth rather than give in to seeking a younger wife (Elohim doesn’t approve of mid-life crisis divorces); Proverbs 31:10: “A wife of noble character who can find? She is worth far more than rubies.”
  • D. Allah permits multiple wives, “...marry such women as seem good to you, two and three and four; but if you fear that you will not do justice (between them), then (marry) only one...,” The Women, sura 4:3.
    • 1. “And (as for) those who accuse their wives and have no witnesses except themselves, the evidence of one of these (should be taken) four times,” The Light, sura 24:6. Does this mean that the husband’s word is worth four times that of his wife?
    • 2. Allah doesn’t place high value upon wives and children: “O you who believe! surely from among your wives and your children there is an enemy to you; therefore beware of them; and if you pardon and forbear and forgive, then surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. Your possessions and your children are only a trial, and Allah it is with whom is a great reward,” The Mutual Deceit, sura 64:14 & 15.
  • E. Jesus protected women without denying their sinfulness, see Luke 7:36-50; John 8:1-11
    • 1. He spoke with great love and respect to a sinful woman, revealing to her for the first time to anyone His true identity, see John 4

Excerpts from the Koran

Regarding unbelieving relatives:

“Choose not your fathers nor your brethren for friends if they take pleasure in disbelief rather than faith. Whoso of you taketh them for friends, such are wrong-doers,” The Immunity, sura 9:23. In other words, you can’t be friends with unbelievers—not even if they’re part of your own family.

“It is not for the Prophet, and those who believe, to pray for the forgiveness of idolaters even though they may be near of kin (to them) after it hath become clear they are people of hell-fire,” The Immunity, sura 9:113. In other words, don’t pray for unbelievers, not even if they’re your kin.

“Thou wilt not find folk who believe in Allah and the Last Day loving those who oppose Allah and his messenger, even though they be their fathers or their sons or their brethren,” She That Disputeth, sura 58:22

Regarding Jews and Christians:

“O you who believe! do not take the Jews and the Christians for friends; they are friends of each other; and whoever amongst you takes them for a friend, then surely he is one of them; surely Allah does not guide the unjust people,” The Dinner Table, sura 5:51

“And you will most certainly find them (the Jews) the greediest of men for life,” The Cow, sura 2:96

“Allah is the enemy of the unbelievers,” The Cow, sura 2:98

“Hast thou not seen those unto whom a portion of the Scripture hath been given, how they believe in idols and false deities, and how they say of those (idolaters) who disbelieve: “These are more rightly guided those who believe”?” The Women, sura 4:51
In other words, Jews and Christians (unto whom a portion of the Scripture hath been given) believe in idols and false deities.

The Immunity, sura 9:30, "And the Jews say: Uzair is the son of Allah; and the Christians say: The Messiah is the son of Allah; these are the words of their mouths; they imitate the saying of those who disbelieved before; may Allah destroy them; how they are turned away!"

Regarding the identity of Jesus:

The Women, sura 4:157: "And their saying: Surely we have killed the Messiah, Isa son of Marium, the apostle of Allah; and they did not kill him nor did they crucify him, but it appeared to them so (like Isa) and most surely those who differ therein are only in a doubt about it; they have no knowledge respecting it, but only follow a conjecture, and they killed him not for sure."

The Women, sura 4:171: "O followers of the Book! do not exceed the limits in your religion, and do not speak (lies) against Allah, but (speak) the truth; the Messiah, Isa son of Marium is only an apostle of Allah and His Word which He communicated to Marium and a spirit from Him; believe therefore in Allah and His apostles, and say not, Three. Desist, it is better for you; Allah is only one God; far be It from His glory that He should have a son, whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth is His, and Allah is sufficient for a Protector."

The Dinner Table, sura 5:75 The Messiah, son of Marium is but an apostle; apostles before him have indeed passed away; and his mother was a truthful woman; they both used to eat food. See how We make the communications clear to them, then behold, how they are turned away.

The Dinner Table, sura 5:110, "When Allah will say: O Isa son of Marium! Remember My favor on you and on your mother, when I strengthened you I with the holy Spirit, you spoke to the people in the cradle and I when of old age, and when I taught you the Book and the wisdom and the Taurat and the Injeel; and when you determined out of clay a thing like the form of a bird by My permission, then you breathed into it and it became a bird by My permission, and you healed the blind and the leprous by My permission; and when you brought forth the dead by My permission; and when I withheld the children of Israel from you when you came to them with clear arguments, but those who disbelieved among them said: This is nothing but clear enchantment."

Koran excerpts taken from this site:

http://www.hti.umich.edu/k/koran/